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Grammatical commodity in English language

The () is a grammatical commodity in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. Information technology is the definite commodity in English. The is the almost often used word in the English language language; studies and analyses of texts accept found it to account for seven per centum of all printed English-language words.^[1] It is derived from gendered articles in One-time English language which combined in Middle English and now has a unmarried form used with pronouns of any gender.^[a] The give-and-take tin exist used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any alphabetic character. This is dissimilar from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers.

Pronunciation

In most dialects, "the" is pronounced every bit /ðə/ (with the voiced dental fricative /ð/ followed past a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and as /ðiː/ (homophone of pronoun thee) when followed by a vowel audio or used every bit an emphatic form.^[2]

Modern American and New Zealand English accept an increasing tendency to limit usage of /ðiː/ pronunciation and use /ðə/, even earlier a vowel.^{[3] [4]}

Sometimes the give-and-take "the" is pronounced /ðiː/, with stress, to emphasise that something is unique: "he is the practiced", non just "an" good in a field.

Adverbial

Definite article principles in English language are described under "Utilise of articles". The, as in phrases like "the more the better", has a singled-out origin and etymology and by adventure has evolved to exist identical to the definite article.^[5]

Article

The and that are common developments from the same Erstwhile English arrangement. Old English had a definite article se (in the masculine gender), sēo (feminine), and þæt (neuter). In Middle English, these had all merged into þe, the ancestor of the Modernistic English word the.^[six]

Geographic usage

An surface area in which the use or non-use of the is sometimes problematic is with geographic names:

• notable natural landmarks – rivers, seas, mountain ranges, deserts, island groups (archipelagoes) and so on – are mostly used with a "the" definite article (the Rhine, the N Bounding main, the Alps, the Sahara, the Hebrides).
• continents, individual islands, administrative units and settlements mostly do not take a "the" commodity (Europe, Jura, Austria (but the Democracy of Republic of austria), Scandinavia, Yorkshire (but the County of York), Madrid).
• showtime with a common noun followed by of may take the article, as in the Isle of Wight or the Isle of Portland (compare Christmas Island), same applies to names of institutions: Cambridge University, but the Academy of Cambridge.
• Some place names include an article, such as the Bronx, The Oaks, The Rock, The Birches, The Harrow, The Rower, The Swan, The Valley, The Farrington, The Quarter, The Plains, The Dalles, The Forks, The Village, The Hamlet (NJ), The Village (OK), The Villages, The Village at Castle Pines, The Woodlands, The Pas, the Vatican, The Hyde, the West End, the East End, The Hague, or the City of London (but London). Formerly e.g. Bath, Devizes or White Plains.^[7]
• mostly described singular names, the Due north Island (New Zealand) or the Due west Land (England), take an article.

Countries and territorial regions are notably mixed, most exclude "the" but there are some that adhere to secondary rules:

• derivations from collective common nouns such as "kingdom", "commonwealth", "union", etc.: the Cardinal African Republic, the Dominican Republic, the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, the United Arab Emirates, including virtually country full names:^{[viii] [nine]} the Czech Democracy (simply Czechia), the Russian Federation (but Russian federation), the Principality of Monaco (just Monaco), the State of Israel (only Israel) and the Commonwealth of Australia (but Commonwealth of australia).^{[10] [11] [12]}
• countries in a plural noun: the Netherlands, the Falkland Islands, the Faroe Islands, the Cayman Islands, the Philippines, the Union of the comoros, the Maldives, the Seychelles, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and The Bahamas.
• Singular derivations from "island" or "land" that concord administrative rights – Greenland, England, Christmas Isle and Norfolk Isle – do not take a "the" definite article.
• derivations from mountain ranges, rivers, deserts, etc., are sometimes used with an article, even for singular, (the Lebanon, the Sudan, the Yukon, the Congo).^[13] This usage is in decline, The Republic of the gambia remains recommended whereas utilize of the Argentine for Argentina is considered old-fashioned. Ukraine is occasionally referred to equally the Ukraine, a usage that was common during the 20th century, but this is considered wrong and possibly offensive in modern usage.^[fourteen] Sudan (but the Democracy of the Sudan) and South Sudan (but the Republic of South Sudan) are written nowadays without the article.

Abbreviations

Since "the" is one of the most oft used words in English, at various times short abbreviations for it have been constitute:

• Barred thorn: the primeval abridgement, it is used in manuscripts in the One-time English language. It is the letter þ with a bold horizontal stroke through the ascender, and it represents the word þæt, meaning "the" or "that" (neuter nom. / acc.).
• þͤ and þͭ (þ with a superscript e or t) appear in Middle English language manuscripts for "þe" and "þat" respectively.
• yͤ and yͭ are adult from þͤ and þͭ and appear in Early Modern manuscripts and in print (see Ye form).

Occasional proposals have been fabricated by individuals for an abbreviation. In 1916, Legros & Grant included in their archetype printers' handbook Typographical Printing-Surfaces, a proposal for a letter of the alphabet similar to Ħ to represent "Thursday", thus abbreviating "the" to ħe.^[fifteen]

In Middle English language, the (þe) was frequently abbreviated as a þ with a small e above information technology, similar to the abbreviation for that, which was a þ with a modest t higher up it. During the latter Center English language and Early Mod English periods, the letter thorn (þ) in its mutual script, or cursive course, came to resemble a y shape. Every bit a result, the use of a y with an due east above it () equally an abbreviation became mutual. This can still be seen in reprints of the 1611 edition of the King James Version of the Bible in places such as Romans 15:29, or in the Mayflower Meaty. Historically, the article was never pronounced with a y sound, even when and so written.

The word "The" itself, capitalised, is used equally an abbreviation in Democracy countries for the honorific title "The Right Honourable", as in east.g. "The Earl Mountbatten of Burma", short for "The Right Honourable Earl Mountbatten of Burma", or "The Prince Charles".^[16]

References

1. ^ Norvig, Peter. "English Letter Frequency Counts: Mayzner Revisited".
2. ^ "the – definition". Merriam Webster Online Dictionary.
3. ^ Ladefoged, Peter; Johnson, Keith (2010). A Course in Phonetics (6th ed.). Boston: Wadsworth. p. 110.
4. ^ Hay, Jennifer (2008). New Zealand English . Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. p. 44.
5. ^ "the, adv.ane." OED Online. Oxford University Press, March 2016. Web. xi March 2016.
6. ^ "The and That Etymologies". Online Etymology Dictionary . Retrieved eighteen June 2015.
7. ^ "Why is information technology called The Hague?".
8. ^ "Countries: Designations and abbreviations to use".
9. ^ "FAO Country Profiles". www.fao.org.
10. ^ "Using 'the' with the Names of Countries".
11. ^ "List of Countries, Territories and Currencies".
12. ^ "UNGEGN World Geographical Names".
13. ^ Swan, Michael How English language Works, p. 25
14. ^ Ukraine or "the Ukraine"? by Andrew Gregorovich, infoukes.com
15. ^ "Missed Opportunity for Ligatures".
16. ^ 'The Prefix "The"'. In Titles and Forms of Accost, 21st ed., pp. 8–9. A & C Blackness, London, 2002.

Notes

1. ^ masculine, feminine, or neuter.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The

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